Analysis of the Effects of Atmospheric Attenuations on C, Ku and Ka Frequency Bands in Satellite Communica

Summary

The effects of atmospheric attenuations on frequency bands in satellite communication cannot be over
emphasized. Atmospheric attenuations such as cloud, rain, oxygen and water vapor attenuations have much
significant effect on the transmission and receiving of signals over satellite communication in the country
especially in locations prone to rainfall. This paper analyses the effects of atmospheric attenuation over
satellite communication in selected locations in the city of Aba, Nigeria. Rain fall, cloud and gas data were
measured for a period of three months of which the data were used to determine what frequency bands are
suitable for satellite communication within the areas during bad weather conditions. The International
telecommunication union-Radio communication sector (ITU-R) attenuation standards were implemented in
this study as mathematical descriptions and Matlab/simulink with the aid of fuzzy logic inference system is
used to design and improve the signals received during satellite communication by selecting suitable
frequency bands for signal transmission and also the affected rain parameter. The results presented in this
paper was able to compare the elevation angle at various angles and also the specific gas attenuation for Kabove (Ka), Kurtz-under (Ku) and C frequency bands, the results of these frequencies under the developed
model also shows that the developed model would go a long way to mitigate attenuation issues in the
telecommunication industry. The study also presents application of the improved model on selected locations
in Aba city, Nigeria.

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