SWITCH MODE POWER SUPPLY (SMPS) SYSTEMS AND CONTROL TECHNIQUES: A REVIEW OF APPLICATIONS IN ELECTRIC VEHICLES

Summary

Switch mode power supply (SMPS) system has prominently featured in many power system applications. It is a critical component of electric vehicle (EV), providing reliable and efficient voltage link to drive electric motor. In direct current to direct current (DC-DC) SMPS, the duty cycle can be adjusted to control the amount of power flow between the input and output. There are different DC-DC power converters that have been implemented for SMPS operation in EV, with its advantages and disadvantages. This work presents SMPS and the control techniques used to ensure efficient power train operation in EVs. The study shows that the application of control systems in the operation of SMPS ensures good dynamic response by generating a control signal that is applied to pulse width modulator which triggers a semiconductor device such as insulated gate bipolar transistor for efficient switching mode/ power transfer. Despite the promising results offered by the various control methods, the issue of ineffectiveness in the event of parameter variation and nonlinearity is still common, especially for proportional integral derivative (PID) controllers. Also, intelligent based control systems like fuzzy logic controller and fuzzy-PID are prone to steady-state error and subpar effect. Machine learning models and other advanced methods are subjected to design and computational complexity. These gaps have been addressed by SMPS system for driving EV. Most systems employ single-loop control strategy. To explore the benefits of these control methods and for improved switching and dynamic response performance for SMPS and the EV, composite controllers and multi-loop control methods can be leveraged.

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